Bangladesh will Launch an Earth Observation Satellite

Work is underway to start work on Bangladesh's second artificial satellite very soon after it is finalized. The country's second satellite after Bangabandhu-1 will be an 'Earth Observation Satellite', which will help in surveying the vast oceans, including surveying the country's crop production and flood situation by taking live pictures of the land surface. Bangladesh Communication Satellite Company Limited - BCSCL, hopes that the government will be able to launch the country's second satellite in the current term. The government is considering buying and launching this satellite in the G2G (Government-to-Government) process.

Earth Observation Satellites are used to take pictures of different parts of the Earth's surface and to observe the Earth's surface. The country's first commercial satellite Bangabandhu-1 is a 'geostationary communication' satellite, which is only used for communication.

The BCSCL chairman said, “An agreement was reached with the French consulting firm Price-Water House Coopers for the launch of the country's second satellite. Based on the report of the consulting firm, we have decided that the second satellite will be Earth Observation Satellite." He said the satellite would provide various benefits, adding that it would help monitor the country's crop production, flood monitoring and monitoring the country's vast oceans.

Apart from working in the country, there is also an opportunity to earn money with this satellite. As the Middle East and Africa will be covered by the satellite, it will be possible to earn income by selling various data from those areas. Because not all countries have this type of satellite. In addition to geostationary communication satellites, there are different satellites for various purposes including communication, remote sensing, navigation, geocentric orbit type, polar satellites.

The main consultant for the design of the system of the country's first artificial satellite Bangabandhu-1 was the US-based 'Space Partnership International'. After that, the satellite system was bought from the French company Talis Elenia Space under a contract worth Tk 1,951.85 crore. On 12 May 2018, the Bangabandhu-1 satellite launched from the launch pad of the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA. Bangladesh is the 57th country to launch a satellite. Six months after its launch, in November 2018, Bangladesh fully acquired the ownership and control of Bangabandhu Satellite-1.

The cost of launching this time will be less than what was spent to launch Bangabandhu-1. There will be no cost after the launch of the second one. It will not be necessary to rent orbital slots. It will not be too high above the surface. The cost of renting the slot will be saved. It is also called LEO or Low Earth Orbit Satellite (LEO satellite).

Bangabandhu-1 was located 36,000 km away from the launch site. Bangabandhu-1 satellite is addressed in an orbital slot at 119.1 East longitude. Bangladesh has leased the slot from the Moscow-based Inter-sputnik International Organization of Space Communications for 45 years.

 

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Mars Mission with Rover Curiosity

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Rover Curiosity Identified Methane Gas on Mars | Symbol of Life !

Is there a possibility to find any symbol of life in the red planet MARS? At least NASA's recent report indicated that. Astronomers have discovered from the report sent by the spacecraft Curiosity Rover on last week. The report said that the red planet has high levels of methane gas on its atmosphere and everybody was just surprised.

Because the methane gas in the earth is emitted by living organisms. Scientists have received the information sent by Mars Rover Curiosity on 20^th June 2019. Then on next day they researched a lot based on that information and become excited.

Though any kind of official announcement regarding this matter has not yet been finalized yet by NASA.

"With these new findings, Mars is telling us to stay the course and keep searching for evidence of life," said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters, in Washington. "I'm confident that our ongoing and planned missions will unlock even more breathtaking discoveries on the Red Planet."

So far, they are continuing various experiments and testing’s. Curiosity has sent some new information on about atmosphere of Mars. The researchers and scientists have become more enthusiastic. The test report based on this matter may come next week.

Scientists say that if there is methane gas in the air of Mars in a very small scale. That means the methane found on the atmosphere is emitted very recent.

"Curiosity has not determined the source of the organic molecules," said Jen Eigenbrode of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, who is lead author of one of the two new Science papers. "Whether it holds a record of ancient life, was food for life, or has existed in the absence of life, organic matter in Martian materials holds chemical clues to planetary conditions and processes."

The Methozen is present in any place on the earth where there is a lack of oxygen. Such as in underground stoneware or in animal stomach. The animals leave the methane as the body's waste.

However, the methane formation sometimes happens in geothermal reaction, scientists think. They think, maybe Mars's methane found in the Curiosity test has many antiquities which was buried under stones for several thousand of years. Suddenly it broke out.

"This is the first time we've seen something repeatable in the methane story, so it offers us a handle in understanding it," said Chris Webster of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, lead author of the second paper. "This is all possible because of Curiosity's longevity. The long duration has allowed us to see the patterns in this seasonal 'breathing.'"

But everything is now in the research level. Scientists from NASA say that they cannot understand the whole thing without further testing.

So, we will have to wait more.

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Bangladesh will Launch an Earth Observation Satellite

Commercial Space Tourism or Travel

Space Tourism is space travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. A number of startup companies around the world have sprung up in recent years, hoping to create a space tourism industry. Orbital space tourism opportunities have been limited and expensive. The publicized price for flights brokered by Space Adventures to the International Space Station- ISS aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft have been US$20–35 million, during the period 2001-2009. Some space tourists have signed contracts with third parties to conduct certain research activities while in orbit.

Early History:
After early successes in space, much of the public saw intensive space exploration as inevitable. Those aspirations are memorialized in science fiction including Arthur C. Clarke's A Fall of Moon dust and 2001: A Space Odyssey, Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, Joanna Russ's 1968 novel Picnic on Paradise, and Larry Niven's Known Space stories. Lucian in the 2nd century AD in his book True History examines the idea of a crew of men whose ship travels to the Moon during a storm. Jules Verne also took up the theme of lunar visits in his books, From the Earth to the Moon and Around the Moon. Robert A. Heinlein’s short story The Menace from Earth, published in 1957, was one of the first to incorporate elements of a developed space tourism industry within its framework. During the 1960s and 1970s, it was common belief that space hotels would be launched by 2000. Many futurologists around the middle of the 20th century speculated that the average family of the early 21st century would be able to enjoy a holiday on the Moon. In the 1960s, Pan Am established a waiting list for future flights to the Moon, issuing free "First Moon Flights Club" membership cards to those who requested them.

Orbital Space Tourists:
At the end of the 1990s, MirCorp, a private venture that was by then in charge of the space station, began seeking potential space tourists to visit Mir. Dennis Tito, an American businessman and former JPL scientist, became their first candidate. When the decision to de-orbit Mir was made, Tito managed to switch his trip to the International Space Station (ISS) through a deal between MirCorp and U.S.-based Space Adventures, Ltd., despite strong opposition from senior figures at NASA; from the beginning of the ISS expeditions, NASA stated it wasn't interested in space guests. Nonetheless, Dennis Tito visited the ISS on April 28, 2001, and stayed for seven days, becoming the first "fee-paying" space tourist.

He was followed in 2002 by South African computer millionaire Mark Shuttleworth. The third was Gregory Olsen in 2005, who was trained as a scientist and whose company produced specialist high-sensitivity cameras. Olsen planned to use his time on the ISS to conduct a number of experiments, in part to test his company's products. Olsen had planned an earlier flight, but had to cancel for health reasons.

On September 18, 2006, an Iranian American named Anousheh Ansari became the fourth space tourist (Soyuz TMA-9). On April 7, 2007, Charles Simonyi, an American businessman of Hungarian descent, joined their ranks (Soyuz TMA-10). Simonyi became the first repeat space tourist, paying again to fly on Soyuz TMA-14 in March–April 2009. Canadian Guy Laliberte became the next space tourist in September, 2009 aboard Soyuz TMA-16.

Suborbital Flights Projects:

• On October 4, 2004, SpaceShipOne, designed by Burt Rutan of Scaled Composites, won the $10,000,000 X Prize, which was designed to be won by the first private company who could reach and surpass an altitude of 62 miles (100 km) twice within two weeks. The altitude is beyond the Karman Line, the arbitrarily defined boundary of space. The first flight was flown by Michael Melvill on June 21, 2004, to a height of 62 miles, making him the first commercial astronaut. The prize-winning flight was flown by Brian Binnie, which reached a height of 69.6 miles, breaking the X-15 record.

• Virgin Galactic, is planning to begin passenger service aboard the VSS Enterprise, a Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo class spacecraft. The initial seat price is $200,000, with a required down-payment of $20,000. To date, over 600 people have signed up. Headed by Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Group, Virgin Galactic hopes to be the first private space tourism company to regularly send civilians into space. A citizen astronaut will only require three days of training before spaceflight. SpaceShipTwo is a scaled up version of SpaceShipOne, the spacecraft which claimed the Ansari X Prize. Launches will initially occur at the Mojave Spaceport in California, and will then be moved to Spaceport America in Upham, New Mexico. Tourists will also be flown from Spaceport Sweden, in Kiruna.

• XCOR Aerospace is developing a suborbital vehicle called Lynx. The Lynx will take off from a runway under rocket power. Unlike SpaceShipOne and SpaceShipTwo, Lynx will not require a mothership. Lynx is designed for rapid turnaround, which will enable it to fly up to four times per day. Because of this rapid flight rate, Lynx has fewer seats than SpaceShipTwo, carrying only one pilot and one spaceflight participant on each flight. XCOR expected to roll out the first Lynx prototype and begin flight tests in 2013. If all goes well, it is hoped that Lynx will carry paying customers before the end of 2014.

• Citizens in Space, formerly the Teacher in Space Project, is a project of the United States Rocket Academy. Citizens in Space combines citizen science with citizen space exploration. The goal is to fly citizen-science experiments and citizen explorers (who travel free) who will act as payload operators on suborbital space missions. By 2012, Citizens in Space had acquired a contract for 10 suborbital flights with XCOR Aerospace and expected to acquire additional flights from XCOR and other suborbital spaceflight providers in the future. In 2012 Citizens in Space reported they had begun training three citizen astronaut candidates and would select seven additional candidates over the next 12 to 14 months.

• Space Expedition Corporation was preparing to use the Lynx for "Space Expedition Curacao", a commercial flight from Hato Airport on Curacao, and planned to start commercial flights in 2014. The costs were $95,000 each.

• Armadillo Aerospace is developing a two-seat vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) rocket called Hyperion, which will be marketed by Space Adventures. Hyperion uses a capsule similar in shape to the Gemini capsule. The vehicle will use a parachute for descent but will probably use retrorockets for final touchdown, according to remarks made by Armadillo Aerospace at the Next Generation Suborbital Researchers Conference in February 2012.

source: wikipedia

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About our own Solar System

Readers / Viewers,
Geography was one of my favorite subject in school. I've drawn lot's of pictures and wrote lot's of descriptions about the Solar System in the exams. Here, I am presenting this post about our own Solar System with some images and descriptions of the planets. All the credit of the images in this post goes to NASA.

Beyond our Solar System:
When we leave the solar system, we find our star and its planets are just one small part of the Milky Way galaxy. The Milky Way is a huge city of stars, so big that even at the speed of light; it would take 100,000 years to travel across it. All the stars in the night sky, including our Sun, are just some of the residents of this galaxy, along with millions of other stars too faint to be seen. Beyond our own galaxy lies a vast expanse of galaxies. The deeper we see into space, the more galaxies we discover. There are billions of galaxies, the most distant of which are so far away that the light arriving from them on Earth today set out from the galaxies billions of years ago.

The Sun:
The sun is a medium sized star in our own Galaxy Milky Way, a hot ball of glowing gases at the heart of our solar system. Its influence extends far beyond the orbits of distant Neptune and Pluto. Without the sun's intense energy and heat, there would be no life on Earth. And though it is special to us, there are billions of stars like our sun scattered across the Milky Way galaxy. A little about the Sun:

• Distance from Earth:  149,597,900 km
• Mean Radius:  695,508 km
• Volume:  1,409,272,569,059,860,000 km3
• Mass:  1,989,100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Mercury:
Sun-scorched Mercury is only slightly larger than Earth's Moon. Like the Moon, Mercury has very little atmosphere to stop impacts, and it is covered with craters. Mercury's day side is super-heated by the sun, but at night temperatures drop hundreds of degrees below freezing. Ice may even exist in craters. Mercury's egg-shaped orbit takes it around the sun every 88 days. A little about the Mercury:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  57,909,227 km
• Mean Radius:  2,439.7 km
• Volume:  60,827,208,742 km3
• Mass:  330,104,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Venus:
Venus is a dim world of intense heat and volcanic activity. Similar in structure and size to Earth, Venus' thick, toxic atmosphere traps heat in a runaway "greenhouse effect." The scorched world has temperatures hot enough to melt lead. Glimpses below the clouds reveal volcanoes and deformed mountains. Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction of most planets. A little about the Venus:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  108,209,475 km
• Mean Radius:  6,051.8 km
• Volume:  928,415,345,893 km3
• Mass:  4,867,320,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Earth:
Earth is an ocean planet. Our home world's abundance of water and life makes it unique in our solar system. Other planets, plus a few moons, have ice, atmospheres, seasons and even weather, but only on Earth does the whole complicated mix come together in a way that encourages life and lots of it. A little about our Planet EARTH:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis): 149,598,262 km
• Mean Radius:  6,371.00 km
• Volume:  1,083,206,916,846 km3
• Mass:  5,972,190,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Mars:
Mars is a cold desert world. It is half the diameter of Earth and has the same amount of dry land. Like Earth, Mars has seasons, polar ice caps, volcanoes, canyons and weather, but its atmosphere is too thin for liquid water to exist for long on the surface. There are signs of ancient floods on Mars, but evidence for water now exists mainly in icy soil and thin clouds. A little about the Mars:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  227,943,824 km
• Mean Radius:  3,389.5 km
• Volume:  163,115,609,799 km3
• Mass:  641,693,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Jupiter:
Jupiter, the most massive planet in our solar system -- with dozens of moons and an enormous magnetic field -- forms a kind of miniature solar system. Jupiter does resemble a star in composition, but it did not grow big enough to ignite. The planet's swirling cloud stripes are punctuated by massive storms such as the Great Red Spot, which has raged for hundreds of years. Jupiter's appearance is a tapestry of beautiful colors and atmospheric features. Most visible clouds are composed of ammonia. Water vapor exists deep below and can sometimes be seen through clear spots in the clouds. The planet's "stripes" are dark belts and light zones created by strong east-west winds in Jupiter's upper atmosphere. A little about the Jupiter:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  778,340,821 km
• Mean Radius:  69,911 km
• Volume:  1,431,281,810,739,360 km3
• Mass:  1,898,130,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Saturn:
Adorned with thousands of beautiful ringlets, Saturn is unique among the planets. All four gas giant planets have rings -- made of chunks of ice and rock -- but none are as spectacular or as complicated as Saturn's. Like the other gas giants, Saturn is mostly a massive ball of hydrogen and helium. A little about the Saturn:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  1,426,666,422 km
• Mean Radius:  58,232 km
• Volume:  827,129,915,150,897 km3
• Mass:  568,319,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Uranus:
Uranus is the only giant planet whose equator is nearly at right angles to its orbit. A collision with an Earth-sized object may explain Uranus' unique tilt. Nearly a twin in size to Neptune, Uranus has more methane in it’s mainly hydrogen and helium atmosphere than Jupiter or Saturn. Methane gives Uranus its blue tint. A little about the Uranus:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  2,870,658,186 km
• Mean Radius:  25,362 km
• Volume:  68,334,355,695,584 km3
• Mass:  86,810,300,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Neptune:
Dark, cold and whipped by supersonic winds, Neptune is the last of the hydrogen and helium gas giants in our solar system. More than 30 times as far from the sun as Earth, the planet takes almost 165 Earth years to orbit our sun. In 2011 Neptune completed its first orbit since its discovery in 1846. A little about the Neptune:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  4,498,396,441 km
• Mean Radius:  24,622 km
• Volume:  62,525,703,987,421 km3
• Mass:  102,410,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg

Others in our Solar System:
Earth’s Moon:
Our Moon makes Earth a more livable planet by moderating our home planet's wobble on its axis, leading to a relatively stable climate, and creating a rhythm that has guided humans for thousands of years. The Moon was likely formed after a Mars-sized body collided with Earth and the debris formed into the most prominent feature in our night sky. A little the Moon:

• Orbit Size (semi-major axis):  384,400 km
• Mean Radius:  1737.5 km
• Volume:  21,971,669,064 km3
• Mass:  73,476,730,924,573,500,000,000 kg

Asteroids:
Asteroids are rocky, airless worlds that orbit our sun, but are too small to be called planets. Tens of thousands of these "minor planets" are gathered in the main asteroid belt, a vast doughnut-shaped ring between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that pass close to Earth are called Near-Earth Objects (NEOs).

Meteors:
Little chunks of rock and debris in space are called meteoroids. They become meteors -- or shooting stars -- when they fall through a planet's atmosphere, leaving a bright trail as they are heated to incandescence by the friction of the atmosphere. Pieces that survive the journey and hit the ground are called meteorites.

Comets:
Comets are cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rock and dust roughly the size of a small town. When a comet's orbit brings it close to the sun, it heats up and spews dust and gases into a giant glowing head larger than most planets. The dust and gases form a tail that stretches away from the sun for millions of kilometers.

Dwarf Planets:
What is a planet? Greek astronomers came up with the word to describe the bright points of light that seemed to wander among fixed stars. Our solar system's planet count has soared as high as 15 before it was decided that some discoveries were different and should be called asteroids. Many disagreed in 1930 when Pluto was added as our solar system's ninth planet. The debate flared again in 2005 when Eris about the same size as Pluto was found deep in a zone beyond Neptune called the Kuiper Belt. Was it the 10th planet? Or are Eris and Pluto examples of an intriguing, new kind of world?

The International Astronomical Union decided in 2006 that a new system of classification was needed to describe these new worlds, which are more developed than asteroids, but different than the known planets. Pluto, Eris and the asteroid Ceres became the first dwarf planets. Unlike planets, dwarf planets lack the gravitational muscle to sweep up or scatter objects near their orbits. They end up orbiting the sun in zones of similar objects such as the asteroid and Kuiper belts. Our solar system's planet count now stands at eight. But the lively debate continues as we continue to explore and make new discoveries.

The Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud:
The Kuiper Belt is a disc-shaped region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune -- billions of kilometers from our sun. Pluto and Eris are the best known of these icy worlds. There may be hundreds more of these ice dwarfs out there. The Kuiper Belt and even more distant Oort Cloud are believed to be the home of comets that orbit our sun.

Thanks a lot for reading this post. If you want to know from NASA further details about our Solar System or the Universe please visit the Web Portal of NASA.

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Bangladesh will Launch an Earth Observation Satellite