Bangladesh will Launch an Earth Observation Satellite

Work is underway to start work on Bangladesh's second artificial satellite very soon after it is finalized. The country's second satellite after Bangabandhu-1 will be an 'Earth Observation Satellite', which will help in surveying the vast oceans, including surveying the country's crop production and flood situation by taking live pictures of the land surface. Bangladesh Communication Satellite Company Limited - BCSCL, hopes that the government will be able to launch the country's second satellite in the current term. The government is considering buying and launching this satellite in the G2G (Government-to-Government) process.

Earth Observation Satellites are used to take pictures of different parts of the Earth's surface and to observe the Earth's surface. The country's first commercial satellite Bangabandhu-1 is a 'geostationary communication' satellite, which is only used for communication.

The BCSCL chairman said, “An agreement was reached with the French consulting firm Price-Water House Coopers for the launch of the country's second satellite. Based on the report of the consulting firm, we have decided that the second satellite will be Earth Observation Satellite." He said the satellite would provide various benefits, adding that it would help monitor the country's crop production, flood monitoring and monitoring the country's vast oceans.

Apart from working in the country, there is also an opportunity to earn money with this satellite. As the Middle East and Africa will be covered by the satellite, it will be possible to earn income by selling various data from those areas. Because not all countries have this type of satellite. In addition to geostationary communication satellites, there are different satellites for various purposes including communication, remote sensing, navigation, geocentric orbit type, polar satellites.

The main consultant for the design of the system of the country's first artificial satellite Bangabandhu-1 was the US-based 'Space Partnership International'. After that, the satellite system was bought from the French company Talis Elenia Space under a contract worth Tk 1,951.85 crore. On 12 May 2018, the Bangabandhu-1 satellite launched from the launch pad of the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA. Bangladesh is the 57th country to launch a satellite. Six months after its launch, in November 2018, Bangladesh fully acquired the ownership and control of Bangabandhu Satellite-1.

The cost of launching this time will be less than what was spent to launch Bangabandhu-1. There will be no cost after the launch of the second one. It will not be necessary to rent orbital slots. It will not be too high above the surface. The cost of renting the slot will be saved. It is also called LEO or Low Earth Orbit Satellite (LEO satellite).

Bangabandhu-1 was located 36,000 km away from the launch site. Bangabandhu-1 satellite is addressed in an orbital slot at 119.1 East longitude. Bangladesh has leased the slot from the Moscow-based Inter-sputnik International Organization of Space Communications for 45 years.

 

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China Plans to Establish Economic Zone on the Moon

China is planning to establish an economic zone on the moon. The country will make connection between the economic zones from the earth to the moon by the 2050. Earth based Economies are not may be so much enough as China has high ambitious, that’s why they have planned to extend their economy on the Moon. The project could bring in around $10 trillion. Many netizens were thrilled by the news.

Space Scholars says that China can gain a lot, such as developing the space travel industry or conducting experiments on the moon. Bao Weimin, head of the China Science and Technology Commission, said that the new zone will cover areas of space near Earth, the Moon, and in between. The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) will implement the project as part of China's National Space Program.

Bao said that such project is very economical because low cost space based communication will be developed. He also said that the construction of the core technology will be completed within the year of 2030. And they will be able to invent easier communication technology to the moon by the year 2040. By the middle of this century China is dreaming to start full production in this new economic zone on the Lunar space.

Recently, China has been conducting extensive research and survey programs based on space. Last July, a Chinese private company i-Space successfully launched a rocket. Last year, a China Lunar Rover landed successfully on the surface of the Moon.

In the year 2016, the deputy commander-in-chief of China's manned space program Zhang Yulin told to media that they had plans to explore Earth-moon space. In May 2018, China launched a relay satellite to set up a communications link between the Earth and then planned Chang'e-4 lunar probe.

China is moving fast forward day by day in the field of Space research and technology. The CASC is dedicating itself to establish China as a super power on the space, continuously carrying out the national major scientific and technical programs such as Manned Spaceflight, Lunar Exploration, Beidou Navigation and High-Resolution Earth Observation System.

Peoples need to wait and see what China is going to do in the near future.

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Rover Curiosity Identified Methane Gas on Mars | Symbol of Life !

Is there a possibility to find any symbol of life in the red planet MARS? At least NASA's recent report indicated that. Astronomers have discovered from the report sent by the spacecraft Curiosity Rover on last week. The report said that the red planet has high levels of methane gas on its atmosphere and everybody was just surprised.

Because the methane gas in the earth is emitted by living organisms. Scientists have received the information sent by Mars Rover Curiosity on 20^th June 2019. Then on next day they researched a lot based on that information and become excited.

Though any kind of official announcement regarding this matter has not yet been finalized yet by NASA.

"With these new findings, Mars is telling us to stay the course and keep searching for evidence of life," said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters, in Washington. "I'm confident that our ongoing and planned missions will unlock even more breathtaking discoveries on the Red Planet."

So far, they are continuing various experiments and testing’s. Curiosity has sent some new information on about atmosphere of Mars. The researchers and scientists have become more enthusiastic. The test report based on this matter may come next week.

Scientists say that if there is methane gas in the air of Mars in a very small scale. That means the methane found on the atmosphere is emitted very recent.

"Curiosity has not determined the source of the organic molecules," said Jen Eigenbrode of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, who is lead author of one of the two new Science papers. "Whether it holds a record of ancient life, was food for life, or has existed in the absence of life, organic matter in Martian materials holds chemical clues to planetary conditions and processes."

The Methozen is present in any place on the earth where there is a lack of oxygen. Such as in underground stoneware or in animal stomach. The animals leave the methane as the body's waste.

However, the methane formation sometimes happens in geothermal reaction, scientists think. They think, maybe Mars's methane found in the Curiosity test has many antiquities which was buried under stones for several thousand of years. Suddenly it broke out.

"This is the first time we've seen something repeatable in the methane story, so it offers us a handle in understanding it," said Chris Webster of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, lead author of the second paper. "This is all possible because of Curiosity's longevity. The long duration has allowed us to see the patterns in this seasonal 'breathing.'"

But everything is now in the research level. Scientists from NASA say that they cannot understand the whole thing without further testing.

So, we will have to wait more.

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Real Picture of Black Hole Inside the M-87 Galaxy

According to the pretext, the real photo of black hole was published on Wednesday, 10^th April, 2019. For the first time the world has seen the real picture of black hole in the universe. Scientists have published pictures of black holes created based on the results by the specially designed Event Horizon Telescope (EHT).

Based on the report of BBC, the scientists have published details of this black hole in the science journal Astrophysical Journal Letters. The black hole is about 40 billion kilometers in size which is about 3 million times bigger than the Earth. It is a huge super massive giant black hole. The black hole is located 500 million trillion kilometers away from the Earth. Scientists have taken pictures of this black hole through eight large telescopes (EHT Array) placed on the world.

Professor Haino Fallak researcher for this study told that the existence of this giant black hole was found in a galaxy called M87. In the context of the shape of the hole he said, “On the basis of what we have seen, the black hole is bigger than our entire solar system. Its mass is 6.5 billion times more than the mass of Sun. We think, the number of black holes that exist in the Universe, it is one of the main gigantic black hole”.

The picture shows that the fire cycle emerges from the black hole. In this regard, Professor Fallak said that the fire cycle surrounds a completely circular a dark hole. The origin of this fire due to the high temperature gas stuck inside the cavity. This fire is caused due to the intense light bulb. The intensity of this light is so much that the cave is brighter than the total brightness of hundreds of millions of stars in the galaxy! That is why the black holes were seen from the earth far away.

Surprisingly, the theoretical explanation and hypothesis that scientists have had so much about the shape of the black holes so many days, the vast majority of them met with the black hole of reality. Researcher team member Yuri Yunusi also said that the belief that Einstein had left behind the idea of ​​black hole years ago is going to be proven to be true. The presence of the black hole is putting time, space, even our existence into many complex questions. It is amazing that the picture we found is very similar to our theoretical research. It seems that Einstein is going to be proved once more.

No one is sure about how this bright light is being created around the hole. But for the first time this photo was published, because of the scope and probability of the study of black hole have increased. The shadow of a black hole is the closest we can come to an image of the black hole itself, a completely dark object from which light cannot escape. The black hole’s boundary — the event horizon from which the EHT takes its name — is around 2.5 times smaller than the shadow it casts and measures just under 40 billion km across.

For the first time, scientists have been able to take photograph of this black hole. Katie Bouman, a woman named, has contributed the most to take pictures of this giant black hole. The 29-year-old woman is a computer scientist. KT Bauman has played a key role in creating black hole pictures for the first time through computer programs and algorithms.

It is shown in the black hole picture of NASA, a round fire surrounds a round black hole. This photo has been made possible with the help of a network of eight radio telescopes located on the Earth. With the help of a single telescope, it was not possible to shoot the black hole. The black hole has seen in the center of a galaxy called M-87.

After creating the pictures of black hole on her laptop, Katie Bouman was surprised at herself. To express her own reaction, Katie Bouman in a Facebook status said that using the algorithm, when she first saw the image, she could not believe herself. Katie Bouman was the first student who created the algorithm before three years ago while graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

The EHT is the result of years of international collaboration, and offers scientists a new way to study the most extreme objects in the Universe predicted by Einstein’s general relativity during the centennial year of the historic experiment that first confirmed the theory. Presently she is a Post Doctoral Fellow in the MIT EventHorizon Telescope Project. For three years, MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory team worked on this project.

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Commercial Space Tourism or Travel

Space Tourism is space travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. A number of startup companies around the world have sprung up in recent years, hoping to create a space tourism industry. Orbital space tourism opportunities have been limited and expensive. The publicized price for flights brokered by Space Adventures to the International Space Station- ISS aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft have been US$20–35 million, during the period 2001-2009. Some space tourists have signed contracts with third parties to conduct certain research activities while in orbit.

Early History:
After early successes in space, much of the public saw intensive space exploration as inevitable. Those aspirations are memorialized in science fiction including Arthur C. Clarke's A Fall of Moon dust and 2001: A Space Odyssey, Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, Joanna Russ's 1968 novel Picnic on Paradise, and Larry Niven's Known Space stories. Lucian in the 2nd century AD in his book True History examines the idea of a crew of men whose ship travels to the Moon during a storm. Jules Verne also took up the theme of lunar visits in his books, From the Earth to the Moon and Around the Moon. Robert A. Heinlein’s short story The Menace from Earth, published in 1957, was one of the first to incorporate elements of a developed space tourism industry within its framework. During the 1960s and 1970s, it was common belief that space hotels would be launched by 2000. Many futurologists around the middle of the 20th century speculated that the average family of the early 21st century would be able to enjoy a holiday on the Moon. In the 1960s, Pan Am established a waiting list for future flights to the Moon, issuing free "First Moon Flights Club" membership cards to those who requested them.

Orbital Space Tourists:
At the end of the 1990s, MirCorp, a private venture that was by then in charge of the space station, began seeking potential space tourists to visit Mir. Dennis Tito, an American businessman and former JPL scientist, became their first candidate. When the decision to de-orbit Mir was made, Tito managed to switch his trip to the International Space Station (ISS) through a deal between MirCorp and U.S.-based Space Adventures, Ltd., despite strong opposition from senior figures at NASA; from the beginning of the ISS expeditions, NASA stated it wasn't interested in space guests. Nonetheless, Dennis Tito visited the ISS on April 28, 2001, and stayed for seven days, becoming the first "fee-paying" space tourist.

He was followed in 2002 by South African computer millionaire Mark Shuttleworth. The third was Gregory Olsen in 2005, who was trained as a scientist and whose company produced specialist high-sensitivity cameras. Olsen planned to use his time on the ISS to conduct a number of experiments, in part to test his company's products. Olsen had planned an earlier flight, but had to cancel for health reasons.

On September 18, 2006, an Iranian American named Anousheh Ansari became the fourth space tourist (Soyuz TMA-9). On April 7, 2007, Charles Simonyi, an American businessman of Hungarian descent, joined their ranks (Soyuz TMA-10). Simonyi became the first repeat space tourist, paying again to fly on Soyuz TMA-14 in March–April 2009. Canadian Guy Laliberte became the next space tourist in September, 2009 aboard Soyuz TMA-16.

Suborbital Flights Projects:

• On October 4, 2004, SpaceShipOne, designed by Burt Rutan of Scaled Composites, won the $10,000,000 X Prize, which was designed to be won by the first private company who could reach and surpass an altitude of 62 miles (100 km) twice within two weeks. The altitude is beyond the Karman Line, the arbitrarily defined boundary of space. The first flight was flown by Michael Melvill on June 21, 2004, to a height of 62 miles, making him the first commercial astronaut. The prize-winning flight was flown by Brian Binnie, which reached a height of 69.6 miles, breaking the X-15 record.

• Virgin Galactic, is planning to begin passenger service aboard the VSS Enterprise, a Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo class spacecraft. The initial seat price is $200,000, with a required down-payment of $20,000. To date, over 600 people have signed up. Headed by Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Group, Virgin Galactic hopes to be the first private space tourism company to regularly send civilians into space. A citizen astronaut will only require three days of training before spaceflight. SpaceShipTwo is a scaled up version of SpaceShipOne, the spacecraft which claimed the Ansari X Prize. Launches will initially occur at the Mojave Spaceport in California, and will then be moved to Spaceport America in Upham, New Mexico. Tourists will also be flown from Spaceport Sweden, in Kiruna.

• XCOR Aerospace is developing a suborbital vehicle called Lynx. The Lynx will take off from a runway under rocket power. Unlike SpaceShipOne and SpaceShipTwo, Lynx will not require a mothership. Lynx is designed for rapid turnaround, which will enable it to fly up to four times per day. Because of this rapid flight rate, Lynx has fewer seats than SpaceShipTwo, carrying only one pilot and one spaceflight participant on each flight. XCOR expected to roll out the first Lynx prototype and begin flight tests in 2013. If all goes well, it is hoped that Lynx will carry paying customers before the end of 2014.

• Citizens in Space, formerly the Teacher in Space Project, is a project of the United States Rocket Academy. Citizens in Space combines citizen science with citizen space exploration. The goal is to fly citizen-science experiments and citizen explorers (who travel free) who will act as payload operators on suborbital space missions. By 2012, Citizens in Space had acquired a contract for 10 suborbital flights with XCOR Aerospace and expected to acquire additional flights from XCOR and other suborbital spaceflight providers in the future. In 2012 Citizens in Space reported they had begun training three citizen astronaut candidates and would select seven additional candidates over the next 12 to 14 months.

• Space Expedition Corporation was preparing to use the Lynx for "Space Expedition Curacao", a commercial flight from Hato Airport on Curacao, and planned to start commercial flights in 2014. The costs were $95,000 each.

• Armadillo Aerospace is developing a two-seat vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) rocket called Hyperion, which will be marketed by Space Adventures. Hyperion uses a capsule similar in shape to the Gemini capsule. The vehicle will use a parachute for descent but will probably use retrorockets for final touchdown, according to remarks made by Armadillo Aerospace at the Next Generation Suborbital Researchers Conference in February 2012.

source: wikipedia

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Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 5

Hungary-based space illustrator Adrian Mann is a graphical engineer for the Project Icarus, an effort to research the possibilities for interstellar travel. When scientists conceive of spaceships for travel to another star, most proposals require advanced and exotic propulsion mechanisms, including nuclear power and antimatter power. The following illustrations by Mann show some of the proposed concepts for vehicles to take us beyond the solar system, this is the part 5 of the series post.

Orbiting Hotel:
With the addition of two inflatable modules, an orbiting hotel could be created for up to 20 guests by the concept vehicle SKYLON.

SKYLON & Fluyt:
With additional modules, a refueling base could be constructed for ‘Fluyt’ orbital transfer vehicles by the SKYLON craft.

Fluyt Orbital Transfer Vehicles:
The Fluyt orbital transfer vehicles could also be used to construct and service large geostationary communications platforms.

Fluyt:
At the end of 2008, a feasibility study began into the use of a space-based Orbital Transfer Vehicle named Fluyt in order to investigate the performance of a reusable rocket stage that would be permanently based in low-Earth orbit.

Orbital Base Station:
The concept of an Orbital Base Station (OBS) was studied to demonstrate that large, highly modular structures could be built in low-Earth orbit, providing accommodation for the crews, protection from orbital debris, continuous internal lighting and propellant storage. Such a facility would enable large ships for the exploration of the moon and Mars to be constructed.

Troy Mission:
The proposed Troy mission is envisaged to be performed in two parts: an unmanned, precursor mission, and the later manned mission. Using SKYLON, the elements for the Troy ships are delivered to an Orbital Base Station, where the components are assembled.

Troy Vehicle:
The proposed Troy vehicle's transit time to Mars would be 264 days, and on arrival, the three landing modules would be deployed to land at a pre-selected site, forming a base. Three precursor ships would be sent, forming three bases on Mars that would enable the rovers to reach more than 90 percent of the Martian surface.

Credit for the images and description goes to: Adrian Mann

Thanks a lot for reading and viewing this post. Click below to read other posts about the Spaceships of the Future and the Interstellar Travel.

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 1

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 2

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 3

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 4

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Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 1

Hungary-based space illustrator Adrian Mann is a graphical engineer for the Project Icarus, an effort to research the possibilities for interstellar travel. When scientists conceive of spaceships for travel to another star, most proposals require advanced and exotic propulsion mechanisms, including nuclear power and antimatter power. The following illustrations by Mann show some of the proposed concepts for vehicles to take us beyond the solar system.

Saturn Rockets:
During the Apollo program, NASA investigated many options for up rating the Saturn V, from stretching the 1st stage to adding enormous solid rocket boosters, and even a nuclear powered upper stage - NERVA - that could be used for missions to Mars.

NERVA Spacecraft:
Two nuclear powered NERVA spacecraft being assembled in orbit, with the crew being ferried with an early design space shuttle, for the journey to Mars.

Orion Spacecraft:
The Saturn V could also have carried an Orion spacecraft to orbit. Powered by nuclear explosions, the Orion spacecraft leaves orbit for Mars.

Orion Mars Spacecraft:
The Orion Mars spacecraft shown here has a crew accommodation section, 2 Mars Landers in the form of lifting bodies, and enough small nuclear devices to propel the ship to and from Mars.

Super Orion:
Given the colossal power of nuclear explosions, enormous Orion ships were envisaged, to be launched from remote desert areas such as Jackass Flats in the Nevada Test Range.

Bussard Funnel:
The major problem with trying to devise a ship to travel between the stars is that of fuel. Robert Bussard devised a ship that would use a huge magnetic funnel to collect hydrogen from space to use as fuel in an interstellar ramjet.

Bussard Funnel Thrust:
While Bussard's spacecraft concept looks appealing, calculations have shown that the thrust of the engine may not be enough to overcome drag caused by the magnetic funnel.

Credit for the images and description goes to: Adrian Mann

Thanks a lot for reading and viewing this post. Click the links below to read other posts about the Spaceships of the Future and about the Interstellar Travel.

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 2

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 3

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 4

Future Spaceships and Interstellar Travel - Part 5

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